<> "The repository administrator has not yet configured an RDF license."^^ . <> . . . "Fundus image classification using feature concatenation for early diagnosis of retinal disease"^^ . "Background\nDeep learning models assist ophthalmologists in early detection of diseases from retinal images and timely treatment.\nAim\nOwing to robust and accurate results from deep learning models, we aim to use convolutional neural network (CNN) to provide a non-invasive method for early detection of eye diseases.\nMethodology\nWe used a hybridized CNN with deep learning (DL) based on two separate CNN blocks, to identify multiple Optic Disc Cupping, Diabetic Retinopathy, Media Haze, and Healthy images. We used the RFMiD dataset, which contains various categories of fundus images representing different eye diseases. Data augmenting, resizing, coping, and one-hot encoding are used among other preprocessing techniques to improve the performance of the proposed model. Color fundus images have been analyzed by CNNs to extract relevant features. Two CCN models that extract deep features are trained in parallel. To obtain more noticeable features, the gathered features are further fused utilizing the Canonical Correlation Analysis fusion approach. To assess the effectiveness, we employed eight classification algorithms: Gradient boosting, support vector machines, voting ensemble, medium KNN, Naive Bayes, COARSE- KNN, random forest, and fine KNN.\nResults\nWith the greatest accuracy of 93.39%, the ensemble learning performed better than the other algorithms.\nConclusion\nThe accuracy rates suggest that the deep learning model has learned to distinguish between different eye disease categories and healthy images effectively. It contributes to the field of eye disease detection through the analysis of color fundus images by providing a reliable and efficient diagnostic system."^^ . "2025-03" . . . "11" . . "DIGITAL HEALTH"^^ . . . "20552076" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Hafiz U"^^ . "Zia"^^ . "Hafiz U Zia"^^ . . "Sara"^^ . "Ejaz"^^ . "Sara Ejaz"^^ . . "Umair"^^ . "Shafique"^^ . "Umair Shafique"^^ . . "Imran"^^ . "Ashraf"^^ . "Imran Ashraf"^^ . . "Fiaz"^^ . "Majeed"^^ . "Fiaz Majeed"^^ . . "Vivian"^^ . "Lipari"^^ . "Vivian Lipari"^^ . . "Stefanía"^^ . "Carvajal-Altamiranda"^^ . "Stefanía Carvajal-Altamiranda"^^ . . . . . . "Fundus image classification using feature concatenation for early diagnosis of retinal disease (Texto)"^^ . . . "ejaz-et-al-2025-fundus-image-classification-using-feature-concatenation-for-early-diagnosis-of-retinal-disease.pdf"^^ . . . "Fundus image classification using feature concatenation for early diagnosis of retinal disease (Otro)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #17450 \n\nFundus image classification using feature concatenation for early diagnosis of retinal disease\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Biomedicine"@en . "Biomedicina"@es . . . "Engineering"@en . "Ingeniería"@es . .